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"Hanbok" is the traditional attire of Korea. Its history dates back as far as the Three Kingdoms' Period (57 B.C. - A.D. 668). Koreans weaved cloth with hemp and arrowroot and raised silkworms to produce silk. It is divided largely into daywear and ceremonial wear, with differences between each age, gender and season.
A Hanbok is characterized by a two-piece outfit without pockets and buttons that is closed with strings, belts or cords. Men traditionally wore a "jeogori" (jacket), "baji" (trousers) and "durumagi" (overcoat) with a hat, belt and pair of shoes. The women wore a jeogori with two long ribbons tied to form an "otgoreum" (knot), a full length, high-waist wrap-around skirt called "chima" and"beoseon" (white cotton socks), and boat-shaped shoes.Hanbok comes in several styles: there is "dolbok" the clothing for a baby on its first birthday; "gwanryebok" the clothing for the coming-of-age ceremony; "hollyebok" the clothing for the wedding ceremony and "hwarot" the bridal gown; "sangryebok" ( or "sangbok"), the clothing worn by the bereaved during the mourning period and "suui" the shroud worn by a corpse and finally "jeryebok" the clothing for religious services.
Hanbok boast vivid colors based on natural hues that accord with the yin and yang theory of East Asia. White was the basic color most widely used by common people, symbolizing a modest and pure spirit. Red signified good fortune and wealth, commonly used in women's garments. Indigo, the color of constancy was used for skirts of court ladies and official coats of court officials. Yellow, which represents the center of the universe, was worn by royal families. The clothing has been handed down in the same form for men and women for hundreds of years with little change, except for the length of jeogori and chima.
In summer people would wear Hanbok made of either "sambe" (hemp) or "mosi" (ramie) that both allowed air to circulate and dry any sweat. Sambe was for the commoners' clothes, due to its easy cultivation, and mosi for the aristocrats' clothes for the opposite reason. Mosi was especially valued for its light texture.
In winter, people wear Hanbok made of cotton or silk. Again, cotton was for the commoner's clothing and silk for the rich and the aristocrats. Extra cotton would be inserted inside Hanbok to make the clothes even warmer.
Source: korea.net
New words:- attire (n): quần áo, trang phục
- weave (v): dệt, đan
- hemp (n): cây gai, sợi gai dầu
- arrowroot (n): cây dong
- silkworm (n): con tằm
- cord (n): dây thừng nhỏ
- bereave (v): làm mất
- mourning (adj): buồn rầu
- shroud (n): vải liệm
- corpse (n) thi hài
- vivid (adj): sặc sỡ
- hue (n): màu sắc
- signify (v): biểu thị
- circulate (v); lưu hành, tuần hoàn
- cultivation (n): trồng trọt
- aristocrat (n): người quý tộc
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